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Qué (quién) es derrick - definición

LIFTING DEVICE COMPOSED AT MINIMUM OF ONE GUYED MAST, AS IN A GIN POLE, WHICH MAY BE ARTICULATED OVER A LOAD BY ADJUSTING ITS GUYS

Oil derrick; Velle derrick; Hallen derrick; Stülcken derrick; Derrick (lifting device); Floating derrick; Oil Derrick; Stuelcken derrick; Stulcken derrick; A-frame derrick; Basket derrick; Breast derrick; Chicago boom derrick; Guy derrick; Stiffleg derrick; Derrick crane; Scotch derrick; Derricks; Oil drilling derrick

Types of derrick> file:A-frame derrick.gif|A-frame derrick file:Basket derrick.gif|Basket derrick file:Breast derrick.gif|Breast derrick file:Chicago boom derrick.gif|Chicago boom derrick file:Gin pole derrick.gif|Gin pole derrick file:Guy derrick.gif|Guy derrick file:Guy derrick with nonrotatable mast.gif|Guy derrick with nonrotatable mast file:Stiffleg derrick.gif|Stiffleg derrick </gallery> There are various types of derrick based on how the tower or mast is set up and the use of boom:<ref name=osha/> === A frame === A-frame derrick means a derrick in which the boom is hinged from a cross member between the bottom ends of two upright members spread apart at the lower ends and joined at the top; the boom point secured to the junction of the side members, and the side members are braced or guyed from this junction point..<ref name=osha/><ref name=calif/> === Basket === A basket derrick is a derrick without a boom that is supported by a rope-and-pole system that forms a basket. The basket is constructed from a group of poles to form a [[polygon]]. There are crossbars between the pole members to strengthen their support. The supporting ropes are tied to the top of the basket poles on one end and joined together on the other end at a lower elevation than the top of the basket poles to form the base for the derrick tower. The derrick tower can be a mast or a post with the bottom hinged at the base where all ropes meet. The top of the tower is secured with multiple reeved guys to position the top of the tower to the desired location by varying the length of the upper guy lines. The load is lifted using a pulley system connected to the top of the tower.<ref name=osha/> === Breast === A breast derrick is a derrick without a boom with a mast constructed from two upright members. The upright members are more spread at their bottom ends than their top ends. There are crossbars to join the two members from the bottom to the top to form a mast..<ref name=osha/><ref name=calif/> === Chicago boom === A Chicago boom derrick is a derrick with a boom which is attached to an external structure. The external upright member of the structure serves as the mast, and the boom is stepped in a fixed socket clamped to the upright. The boom is connected to at least three pulley systems to control the position of the boom. For example, a pulley system is connected to the top of the boom and the higher area of the external structure and two pulley systems near the top of the boom connected on either side of the boom to the external structure. The position of the top of the boom can be controlled by manipulating these pulley systems. The load is lifted from a separate pulley system that is connected to the top of the boom.<ref name=osha/><ref name=calif/> === Gin pole === {{Main|Gin pole}} Gin pole derrick (also known as standing derrick or pole derrick) is a derrick without a boom with single tower or mast supported by 4 guy wires (two side guys, fore guy and rear guy). Its guys are so arranged from its top as to permit leaning the mast in any direction. The base of the tower is hinged and the top of the tower is connected to a pulley system for load lifting. As this is a simple derrick system, it is considered to be used by some agencies as an improvised rescue derrick in an emergency situation where no suitable rescue derrick or [[Crane (machine)|crane]] is available.<ref name=au/><ref name=osha/> === Guy === Guy derrick (also known as '''boom derrick''') is a fixed guyed mast derrick that can be rotated and connected to a boom. The mast is in upright position with the base that can make the mast rotate, but not to be lean in any direction. The top of the mast is connected to many guy wires which are anchored to the ground to support the load. At the base, the mast is also connect to the bottom end of the boom. The boom extends outward and upward to the desired position. The top of the boom is a pulley system that is connected to the top of the mast to control how far the boom is to be from the mast. When the mast is rotated, the connected boom is swung from to the side. The control of the lifting location is done by the manipulation of the top pulley system and the rotation of the mast at the base. The load is lifted by another pulley system connected to the top of the boom.<ref name=osha/> In a medium load lifting, another construction method can be used. In this case, the mast is fixed without being rotated, but the boom can be swung around the mast. This can be done by connecting the bottom of the boom with two boards on the opposite sides around the surface of the boom to form a fork. The fork and the bottom part of the boom is lashed to secure them together. Another lashing is between the fork area and the mast at a higher position to support the weight of the boom. The fork is put around the mast such that the bottom of the boom is rested on the mast without permanently fixed to it. The fork prevent the boom to come off the mast while swinging up to 180 degrees.<ref name=usarmy>{{cite book|title=Field Manual 5-125 - Rigging Techniques, Procedures, and Applications|date=3 October 1995|publisher=The United States Army|url=http://library.enlisted.info/field-manuals/series-1/FM5_125/CH5.PDF|access-date=6 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120813042250/http://library.enlisted.info/field-manuals/series-1/FM5_125/CH5.PDF|archive-date=13 August 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Shearleg === {{Further|Shear legs}} Shearleg derrick is similar to breast with an exception that instead of fixed guy wires that secure the top of the mast, it is secured by multiple reeved guy to permit handling loads at various radii by means of [[Block and tackle|load tackle]] pulley system suspended from the mast top.<ref name=osha/> In a simpler construction, a shearleg derrick can be assembled from two posts to form A-frame shear legs without any crossbar. The bottom of the legs are set in two holes on the ground spreading them apart. There is a rope to tie the two legs together near the bottom to prevent them from spreading apart further. On the top side, the two legs are connected together by a [[Lashing (ropework)|lashing]] but with a small spacer block placed between the legs. A sling, which may be made from ropes, is placed around the area that two legs meet to be used to put a tackle pulley system for lifting the load. There are two guy wires, front and rear, to support the shear legs. The rear guy may be reeved to allow adjustment of the angle of the shear legs.<ref name=usarmy/> === Stiffleg === The Stiffleg derrick, also known as a Scotch derrick, is a derrick with a boom similar to a guy derrick, but instead of using guy wires to secure the top of the mast, it uses two or more stiff members, called stifflegs, which are capable of resisting either [[Tension (physics)|tensile]] or [[Compression (physics)|compressive forces]]. [[Sill plate|Sills]] may also be used to connect between the bottom ends of the stifflegs and the base of the mast.<ref name=osha/> There may be a [[counterweight]] to place on the sills behind the stifflegs in heavy load lifting.<ref name=usarmy/> Stiffleg derrick on a vessel is called a floating stiffleg derrick.<ref name=calif/> Derricks are especially useful for high rise rigging, jobs that cover a long period of time, or jobs when the impact to the street/pedestrian traffic is a concern.<ref name=

derrick

['d?r?k]

¦ noun

1. a kind of crane with a movable pivoted arm.

2. the framework over an oil well, holding the drilling machinery.

Origin

C17 (denoting a hangman, also the gallows): from Derrick, the surname of a London hangman.

derrick

Lifting equipment on board a ship generally used for loading and discharging cargo.

Derrick

·add. ·noun The pyramidal structure or tower over a deep drill hole, such as that of an oil well.

II. Derrick ·noun A mast, spar, or tall frame, supported at the top by stays or guys, with suitable tackle for hoisting heavy weights, as stones in building.

Wikipedia

Derrick

A derrick is a lifting device composed at minimum of one guyed mast, as in a gin pole, which may be articulated over a load by adjusting its guys. Most derricks have at least two components, either a guyed mast or self-supporting tower, and a boom hinged at its base to provide articulation, as in a stiffleg derrick. The most basic type of derrick is controlled by three or four lines connected to the top of the mast, which allow it both to move laterally and cant up and down. To lift a load, a separate line runs up and over the mast with a hook on its free end, as with a crane.

Forms of derricks are commonly found aboard ships and at docking facilities. Some large derricks are mounted on dedicated vessels, and known as floating derricks and sheerlegs. The term derrick is also applied to the framework supporting a drilling apparatus in an oil rig. The derrick derives its name from a type of gallows named after Thomas Derrick, an Elizabethan era English executioner.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derrick

Ejemplos de uso de derrick

1. Derrick Shepherd, one of the West Bank‘s most prominent politicians.

2. Reggae singer Derrick Simpson (Black Uhuru) is 58.

3. The hospital guard was identified as Derrick McFarland, 26.

4. Rock musician Derrick (Jimmie‘s Chicken Shack) is 34.

5. Derrick Shepherd and New Orleans councilman Oliver Thomas.